Nitric oxide in plants a molecule with dual roles
"Nitrogen monoxide, often known as nitric oxide, is a physiologically active chemical that is widely used in animal and plant signaling mechanisms. In plants and animals, it is an intracellular and intercellular signaling molecule with a variety of regulatory roles. Its function in the central...
| Otros Autores: | , |
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| Formato: | Libro electrónico |
| Idioma: | Inglés |
| Publicado: |
Hoboken, NJ :
John Wiley & Sons
2022.
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| Colección: | Wiley ebooks.
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| Acceso en línea: | Conectar con la versión electrónica |
| Ver en Universidad de Navarra: | https://innopac.unav.es/record=b46917007*spi |
| Sumario: | "Nitrogen monoxide, often known as nitric oxide, is a physiologically active chemical that is widely used in animal and plant signaling mechanisms. In plants and animals, it is an intracellular and intercellular signaling molecule with a variety of regulatory roles. Its function in the central nervous, cardiovascular, and immunological systems, platelet inhibition, programmed cell death, and host responses to infection, among other things, has been widely studied in animals. Because of the presence of an unpaired electron, it is a highly reactive gaseous molecule that occurs with oxygen in a variety of reduced states such as nitroxyl ion (NO-), nitric oxide free radical (NOX), and nitrosonium (NOX+). These NOX-derived molecules are referred to as reactive nitrogen species (RNS). NOX influences signaling in biological systems through a variety of mechanisms. The interaction of NOX with O2 results in the formation of several redox compounds (including NO2, N2O3, and N2O4), which may react with cellular amines and thiols or simply change to form the top metabolites radical (NO2-) and nitrate (NO3-) (Wendehenne et al., 2001). NO combines with dioxygen to form NO2 or with reactive oxygen species (ROS) to form peroxynitrite (ONOO-), which triggers cellular damage. NO facilitates electrophilic assault on reactive sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, and aromatic carbon centers, with thiols being the most reactive of the reactive teams. Nitrosation is the name given to this natural process. Nitrosation of numerous enzymes or proteins results in chemical change, which may affect the function of those entities. These alterations are reversible, and supermolecule nitrosation-denitrosation might be a crucial mechanism for controlling signal transduction (Hayat et al., 2010). In contrast to the mammalian system, the cellular/subcellular localisation of NOX production in plants is exceedingly diverse and contentious. The production of NOX in plants is determined by the plant's physiological condition. These include NOX production during root development, stomatal movement control, blooming, plant component expansion, and leaf senescence (Neill S.J. et al, 2002 and Mishina T.E. et al, 2007). NOX will be produced in plants through non-enzymatic and accelerator systems, depending on the plant species, organ or tissue, as well as the plant's state and ever-changing environmental circumstances. The most effective recognized NOX sources in plants are NOX generation from group as a substrate by cytosolic (cNR) and membrane specific nitrate enzyme (PM-NR), and NOX synthesis by many arginine-dependent gas synthase-like activities (NOS). According to studies, mitochondria are a major source of arginine- and nitrite-dependent NOX synthesis in plants. Tischner et al. acquired the first evidence for mitochondrial NO synthesis in plants when they assessed NO production under anoxic conditions from the unicellular blue green alga Chlorella sorokiniana (Tischner et al., 2004). This green alga does not create NO when exposed to nitrate (NO3), but it does create NO when exposed to nitrite (NO2). NO generation was also inhibited by mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors. Shortly after, mitochondrial NOx synthesis in higher plants was discovered. Gupta et al. discovered mitochondrial NOX production in barley plants grown in anoxic conditions (Gupta et al., 2010). Under anoxic circumstances, a tobacco nia1, 2 (nitrate reductase deficient) cell suspension was able to manufacture NOX from exogenous nitrite, despite the absence of nitrate reductase (which can also manufacture NOX from nitrite) (Gupta et al., 2011). Other putative NOX producers in plants include xanthine oxido reductase, peroxidase, and cytochrome P450. NOX is an ubiquitous chemical that is found in all eukaryotes. The NR system is by far the most effective and well-characterized mechanism for NOX generation in plants. In this case, the cytosolic NR mostly catalyzes the reduction of nitrate to group victimization NADH as the predominant negatron donor (Wilson. et al., 2008). NR's NAD (P) H-dependent NOX production has been demonstrated in vitro and in vivo (Rockel et al., 2002)"-- |
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| Descripción Física: | 1 recurso electrónico |
| Formato: | Forma de acceso: World Wide Web. |
| Bibliografía: | Incluye referencias bibliográficas e índice. |
| ISBN: | 9781119800156 9781119800132 9781119800149 |
