| Sumario: | "By any standards, and despite many critical attacks, business and management schools have been one of the major success stories of global higher education particularly over the last 50 years. The AACSB (Association for the Advancement of Collegiate Schools of Business) estimates that there are around 13,000 institutions globally offering business degrees (Peters, Smith, Thomas, 2018). This is probably an under estimate of the true number. As a consequence, it is important at the outset to track the evolution of business schools from an historical perspective. A number of phases in the evolution of management education can be clearly identified and mapped as follows (see Thomas, Lorange and Smith, 2013; Peters, Smith and Thomas, 2018). First, the 1800s - early 1900s, often called the "trade school" era, which sought to develop a responsible, reflective, and insightful managerial cadre acting as professional stewards of an organisation's resources as envisaged by Joseph Wharton, in his founding of the Wharton School in the University of Pennsylvania in 1881. Second, the period until the 1950s, in which there were clearly defined national schools, mainly in the U.S., and the AACSB was itself founded in 1916. Nobel Laureate, Herbert Simon called this period the "wasteland of vocationalism". Khurana (2007) adds that in the U.S. in the mid-1950s only 150 universities offered business degrees representing the majority of such degrees worldwide"--
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