| Sumario: | A properly critical medical humanities is also a historically grounded medical humanities. Such historical grounding requires taking a long cultural perspective, going beyond traditional medical history - typically the history of disease, treatment and practice - to trace the origins and development of the ideas that underpin medicine in its broadest sense - ideas concerning the most fundamental aspects of human existence: health and illness, body and mind, gender and family, care and community. Historical sources can only go so far in illuminating such topics; we must also look to other cultural texts, and in particular literary texts, which, through their imaginative worlds, provide crucial insights into cultural and intellectual attitudes, experience and creativity. Reading from a critical medical humanities perspective requires not only cultural archaeology across a range of discourses, but also putting past and present into conversation, to discover continuities and contrasts with later perspectives. Medical humanities research is illuminated by cultural and literary studies, and also brings to them new ways of seeing; the relation is dynamic. This chapter explores the ways mind, body and affect are constructed and intersect in medieval thought and literature, with a particular focus on how voice-hearing and visionary experience are portrayed and understood. Pre-Cartesian perspectives chime surprisingly closely with current approaches, illuminate the complex inter-relations of mind and body, and probe the power of affect in resonant and suggestive ways. They also open on to ways of understanding that are less accessible in the secularised, progressive world of the twenty-first century.
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