Spain
Spain,, }} officially the Kingdom of Spain, is a country in Southwestern Europe with territories in North Africa. Featuring the southernmost point of continental Europe, it is the largest country in Southern Europe and the fourth-most populous European Union member state. Spanning across the majority of the Iberian Peninsula, its territory also includes the Canary Islands, in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean, the Balearic Islands, in the Western Mediterranean Sea, and the autonomous cities of Ceuta and Melilla, in Africa. Peninsular Spain is bordered to the north by France, Andorra, and the Bay of Biscay; to the east and south by the Mediterranean Sea and Gibraltar; and to the west by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. Spain's capital and largest city is Madrid, and other major urban areas include Barcelona, Valencia, Seville, Zaragoza, Málaga, Murcia and Palma de Mallorca.In early antiquity, the Iberian Peninsula was inhabited by Celts, Iberians, and other pre-Roman peoples. With the Roman conquest of the Iberian peninsula, the province of Hispania was established. Following the Christianization of Hispania, the fall of the Western Roman Empire ushered in the inward migration of tribes from Central Europe, including the Visigoths, who formed the Visigothic Kingdom centred on Toledo. In the early eighth century, most of the peninsula was conquered by the Umayyad Caliphate, and during early Islamic rule, Al-Andalus became a dominant peninsular power centred on Córdoba. Several Christian kingdoms emerged in Northern Iberia, chief among them Asturias, León, Castile, Aragon, Navarre, and Portugal; made an intermittent southward military expansion and repopulation, known as the ''Reconquista'', repelling Islamic rule in Iberia, which culminated with the Christian seizure of the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada in 1492. The dynastic union of the Crown of Castile and the Crown of Aragon in 1479 under the Catholic Monarchs is often considered the ''de facto'' unification of Spain as a nation-state.
During the Age of Discovery, Spain pioneered the exploration of the New World, made the first circumnavigation of the globe and formed one of the largest empires in history. The Spanish Empire reached a global scale and spread across all continents, underpinning the rise of a global trading system fueled primarily by precious metals. In the 18th century, the Bourbon reforms centralized mainland Spain. In the 19th century, after the Napoleonic occupation and the victorious Spanish War of independence, the following political divisions between liberals and absolutists led to the breakaway of most of the American colonies. These political divisions finally converged in the 20th century with the Spanish Civil War, giving rise to the Francoist dictatorship that lasted until 1975. With the restoration of democracy and its entry into the European Union, the country experienced an economic boom that profoundly transformed it socially and politically. Since the ''Siglo de Oro'', Spanish art, architecture, music, poetry, painting, literature, and cuisine have been influential worldwide, particularly in Western Europe and the Americas. As a reflection of its large cultural wealth, Spain is the world's second-most visited country, has one of the world's largest numbers of World Heritage Sites, and it is the most popular destination for European students. Its cultural influence extends to over 600 million Hispanophones, making Spanish the world's second-most spoken native language and the world's most widely spoken Romance language.
Spain is a secular parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy, with King Felipe VI as head of state. A developed country, it is a major advanced capitalist economy, with the world's fifteenth-largest by both nominal GDP and PPP-adjusted GDP. Spain is a member of the United Nations, the European Union, the eurozone, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), a permanent guest of the G20, and is part of many other international organizations such as the Council of Europe (CoE), the Organization of Ibero-American States (OEI), the Union for the Mediterranean, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO). Provided by Wikipedia
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1by España“…España…”
Published 1745
Universidad Loyola - Granada (Other Sources: Universidad Pontificia de Comillas, Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Biblioteca Capuchinos de España)Book -
2by España.“…España. Cortes Generales…”
Published 1913
Biblioteca de la Universidad Eclesiástica San Dámaso (Other Sources: Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas)Book -
3by España.“…España. Cortes Generales…”
Published 1914
Biblioteca de la Universidad Eclesiástica San Dámaso (Other Sources: Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas)Book -
4by España“…España…”
Published 1772
Red de Bibliotecas Iglesia Navarra (Other Sources: Universidad Pontificia de Comillas, Biblioteca Diocesana Córdoba, Biblioteca Capuchinos de España, Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra)Book -
5by España.“…España…”
Published 2014
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas)Book -
6by España.“…España…”
Published 2002
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas)Book -
7by España.“…España…”
Published 1772
Universidad Pontificia de Comillas (Other Sources: Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Biblioteca Capuchinos de España, Universidad Loyola - Granada, Red de Bibliotecas Iglesia Navarra)Book -
8by España.“…España…”
Published 1829
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Biblioteca Capuchinos de España, Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Red de Bibliotecas Iglesia Navarra)Book -
9by España.“…España…”
Published 2001
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas)Book -
10by EspañaOther Authors: “…España…”
Published 2005
Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra (Other Sources: Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas)Book -
11by España.“…España…”
Published 1935
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Biblioteca Capuchinos de España, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas)Book -
12by España.“…España…”
Published 2006
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Universidad Pontificia de Comillas, Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Universidad Loyola)Book -
13by España.“…España…”
Published 2001
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas)Book -
14by España.“…España…”
Published 1987
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas)Book -
15by España.“…España…”
Published 2002
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas)Book -
16by España.“…España…”
Published 1992
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Biblioteca Capuchinos de España)Book -
17by España.“…España…”
Published 1933
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas)Book -
18by España.“…España…”
Published 1949
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Biblioteca Capuchinos de España)Book -
19by España.“…España…”
Published 1977
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Universidad Pontificia de Comillas, Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra)Book -
20by España.“…España…”
Published 1993
Biblioteca Universidad de Deusto (Other Sources: Universidad Pontificia de Salamanca, Biblioteca Universidad de Navarra, Universidad Pontificia de Comillas)Book