Al Qaeda 1 Boko Haram 1 Boundaries 1 Bruce Whitehouse 1 Caitriona Dowd 1 Christian Leuprecht 1 Daniel Cunningham 1 David B. Skillicorn 1 Islam 1 Islamic Maghreb 1 Islamic State 1 Islamic fundamentalism 1 Jaume Castan Pinos 1 Kristen Tsolis 1 Nikolas Emmanuel 1 Political violence 1 Quan Zheng 1 Religious aspects 1 Sahara-Sahel Sean F. Everton 1 Steven M. Radil 1 Violence 1 Walther 1 West Africa 1 William F. Miles 1 William F.S. Miles 1 border conflict 1 terrorism 1 terrorist groups 1