Body composition and physical performance : applications for the military services

Body composition and physical performance applications for the military services

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Institute of Medicine (U.S.) Committee on Military Nutrition Research. (corporate author)
Autores Corporativos: Institute of Medicine (U.S.) Committee on Military Nutrition Research. Corporate Author (corporate author), Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Committee on Military Nutrition Research (-)
Otros Autores: Marriott, Bernadette M. (-), Grumstrup-Scott, Judith
Formato: Libro electrónico
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Washington, DC : National Academy Press 1992.
Edición:1st ed
Materias:
Physical fitness.
Body composition.
Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull:https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009820325506719
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Body Composition and Physical Performance
  • Copyright
  • PREFACE
  • FOCUS OF THE REPORT
  • HISTORY OF THE COMMITTEE
  • COMMITTEE TASK AND PROCEDURES
  • Acknowledgments
  • Contents
  • PART I OVERVIEW
  • 1 Introduction and Background
  • THE COMMITTEE'S TASK
  • CURRENT PHYSICAL STANDARDS FOR ACCESSION AND RETENTION IN THE MILITARY
  • Accession Standards
  • Retention Standards
  • PROCEDURES USED BY THE MILITARY SERVICES FOR FAILURE TO MEET PHYSICAL OR PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
  • METHODS FOR ASSESSING BODY COMPOSITION
  • Definition of Terms
  • Anthropometric Measurements
  • Densitometry
  • Bioelectric Impedance Analysis
  • Options Requiring Major Equipment Or Time
  • FACTORS THAT MAY INFLUENCE BODY COMPOSITION
  • Age
  • Gender
  • Race and Ethnic Group
  • BODY WEIGHT, COMPOSITION, AND PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE
  • Does Being Overweight Impair Military Performance?
  • Running ability, sit-ups, and push-ups
  • Load Carrying Ability and Lifting
  • RELATIONSHIP OF LEAN BODY MASS VERSUS BODY FATNESS TO PERFORMANCE OF PHYSICAL TASKS
  • RELATIONSHIP OF BODY COMPOSITION AND INJURY
  • RELATIONSHIP OF BODY COMPOSITION TO HEALTH
  • BODY COMPOSITION AND MILITARY APPEARANCE
  • ASSESSING BODY COMPOSITION FOR INDIVIDUALS WHO FAIL TO MEET MILITARY STANDARDS
  • COMMENTS ON BODY COMPOSITION STANDARDS
  • References
  • 2 Conclusions and Recommendations
  • CONCLUSIONS
  • RECOMMENDATIONS
  • AREAS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
  • PART II INVITED PAPERS
  • 3 Body Composition And Military Performance: Origins Of The Army Standards
  • INTRODUCTION
  • THE CURRENT ARMY WEIGHT CONTROL PROGRAM: POLICY AND GOALS
  • THE DEVELOPMENT OF MILITARY ACCESSION STANDARDS
  • Physical Standards In Relation To The Demand For Soldiers
  • Early Scientific Investigations Of Soldier Physique
  • Standards Of Physique In The Civil War: Eye Of The Physician
  • Published Standards For Physician Guidance.
  • WORLD WAR II HEIGHT-WEIGHT STANDARDS
  • Development Of Current Accession Standards
  • RETENTION STANDARDS IN THE MILITARY
  • Potbellies And The Army Weight Control Program
  • DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DIRECTIVE 1308.1 AND THE U.S. ARMY BODY FAT STANDARDS
  • Development Of Army Body Fat Equations
  • References
  • 4 Body Composition In The Military Services: Standards And Methods
  • BACKGROUND
  • BODY COMPOSITION STANDARDS
  • Body Composition And Physical Performance
  • Body Composition And Appearance
  • Body Composition And Health
  • BODY COMPOSITION MEASUREMENT
  • Reliability And Trainability
  • Equation Validity
  • U.S. Army
  • U.S. Navy
  • U.S. Marine Corps
  • U.S. Air Force
  • Cross-Validation
  • SUMMARY
  • References
  • 5 Effects of Experimental Alterations in Excess Weight On Physiological Responses To Exercise and Physical Per ...
  • INTRODUCTION
  • EXCESS WEIGHT, AEROBIC CAPACITY AND RUNNING PERFORMANCE
  • RUNNING PERFORMANCE, METABOLIC RESPONSES AND GENDER DIFFERENCES
  • PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE, BODY FAT AND WOMEN ATHLETES
  • References
  • 6 Army Data: Body Composition and Physical Capacity
  • INTRODUCTION
  • DESIGN AND METHODS
  • RESULTS
  • Body Composition and Performance Capacity Related To Age
  • Performance Capacity in Relation To Body Composition
  • Relationship To Fitness Standards
  • DISCUSSION
  • References
  • 7 The Relationship Of Body Size And Composition To The Performance Of Physically Demanding Military Tasks
  • INTRODUCTION
  • Associations Among Body Fat, Load Carriage Ability, And Running Performance
  • Association Of Lean Body Mass With Military Performance
  • Discussion And Conclusions
  • References
  • 8 New Approaches To Body Composition Evaluation And Some Relationships To Dynamic Muscular Strength
  • NEW APPROACHES TO BODY COMPOSITION EVALUATION
  • Estimating Excess Body Fat From Changes In Abdominal Girth.
  • Calculation Of Excess Abdominal Girth
  • The Ag Method During Body Mass Loss By Exercise Plus Diet
  • The Ag Method During Body Mass Loss By Diet Only
  • THE BODY PROFILE: AN ENHANCEMENT OF THE SOMATOGRAM
  • Original Somatogram Calculations
  • Ponderal Sornatogram Calculation
  • SOME RELATIONSHIPS TO DYNAMIC MUSCULAR STRENGTH
  • Experimental Procedures
  • Anthropometric Assessment
  • Calculations
  • Results
  • Anthropometry
  • Correlations
  • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • References
  • 9 Associations Among Body Composition, Physical Fitness, and Injury in Men and Women Army Trainees
  • INTRODUCTION
  • TWO ARMY STUDIES OF BODY COMPOSITION, FITNESS, AND INJURY
  • Methods
  • Subjects
  • Prescreening Measures
  • Medical Follow-Up
  • Physical Training
  • Analysis
  • Results
  • Correlation of Percent Bf and Body Mass Index
  • Past Activity Level and Body Composition
  • Body Composition and Physical Performance
  • Prediction of Endurance Performance
  • Injuries
  • Body Composition And Injury
  • Physical Fitness And Injury
  • Physical Activity And Injury
  • Gender, Physical Fitness And Risk Of Injury
  • Discussion
  • Correlation Between Body Composition And Physical Fitness
  • Predicting Endurance
  • Risks Of Injury
  • Association Between Body Composition And Risk Of Injury
  • Association Of Physical Fitness With Risk Of Injury
  • Association Of Physical Activity And Risk Of Injury
  • Gender, Physical Fitness, And Risk Of Injury
  • Conclusion
  • References
  • 10 Body Composition, Morbidity, And Mortality
  • INTRODUCTION
  • METHODS OF MEASURING BODY COMPOSITION
  • ACCURACY OF MEASUREMENTS
  • USING A FOUR-COMPARTMENT MODEL FOR STUDIES OF BODY COMPOSITION
  • ASSOCIATIONS AMONG BODY COMPOSITION, DISEASE AND DEATH
  • Bone
  • Fat-Free Mass
  • Excess Adipose Tissue
  • Measuring Body Fat
  • Distribution Of Body Fat In Adults
  • SUMMARY
  • ACKNOWLEDGMENT
  • References.
  • 11 Critique of the Military's Approach To Body Composition Assessment and Evaluation
  • APPROACHES
  • DISCUSSION
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • References
  • 12 Body Composition and Performance in Relation To Environment
  • DEFINITION OF OBESITY
  • PERFORMANCE IN COMFORTABLE CLIMATES
  • Physical Performance
  • Resting Metabolism
  • Endurance Activities
  • Lifting and Carrying
  • Underwater Activity
  • Size Problems
  • Poor Health
  • OTHER IMPLICATIONS OF OBESITY
  • HOT AND COLD ENVIRONMENTS
  • CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • References
  • 13 Sex Differences and Ethnic/Racial Differences in Body Size and Body Composition
  • SEX DIFFERENCES IN BODY SIZE AND BODY COMPOSITION
  • ETHNIC AND RACIAL DIFFERENCES IN BODY MASS AND BODY COMPOSITION
  • RELEVANT EPIDEMIOLOGIC ASPECTS OF FATNESS AND FITNESS
  • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
  • APPENDIX
  • PART III COMMITTEE DISCUSSION PAPER
  • 14 Body Composition Measurement: Accuracy, Validity, and Comparability
  • BACKGROUND
  • METHODS AND ASSUMPTIONS
  • Measurement and Definitions in Body Composition
  • Obesity Prevalence, Age Effects and Weight Fluctuations
  • Population Based Data
  • Individual-Based Data
  • RESEARCH APPLICATIONS
  • SUMMARY
  • References
  • APPENDIXES
  • A Accession Standards for the Military Services
  • U.S. Army
  • Chapter 2 Physical Standards for Enlistment, Appointment, and Induction
  • 2-1. General
  • 2-2. Application and Responsibilities
  • a. Application.
  • 2-21. Height
  • 2-22. Weight
  • 2-23. Body Build
  • U.S. Navy
  • (4) Navy Health and Physical Readiness Program
  • B Retention Standards for the Military Services
  • U.S. Army
  • Section I Introduction
  • 1. Purpose
  • 2. References
  • 3. Explanation of Abbreviations and Terms
  • 4. Objectives
  • Section II Responsibilities
  • 5. General
  • Section III Weight Control
  • 20. Policy
  • 21. Procedures
  • 22. Reenlistment Criteria.
  • Ar 600-9 Update: Appendix B Standard Methods For Determining Body Fat Using Body Circumferences, Height And We ...
  • B-1. Introduction
  • B-2. Height and Weight Measurements
  • B-3. Description of Circumference Sites, and Their Anatomical Landmarks and Technique
  • B-4. Circumference Sites and Landmarks for Males
  • B-5. Circumference Sites and Landmarks for Females
  • B-6. Preparation of the Body Fat Content Worksheets
  • B-7. Steps For Preparing the Male Body Fat Content Worksheet, DA Form 5000-R, Dec 85
  • Step 1. Abdominal Measurement
  • Step 2. Neck Measurement
  • Step 3. Average Abdominal Measurement
  • Step 4. Average Neck Measurement
  • Step 5. Abdomen-Neck Difference
  • Step 6. Abdomen-Neck Factor
  • Step 7. Height Factor
  • Step 8. Percent Body Fat
  • B-8.
  • Step 1.
  • Step 2. Height Factor
  • Step 3. Hip Measurement
  • Step 4. Forearm Measurement
  • Step 5. Neck Measurement
  • Step 6. Wrist Measurement
  • Step 7. Hip Factor
  • Step 8. Forearm Factor
  • Step 9. Neck Factor
  • Step 10. Wrist Factor
  • Calculations
  • Line C. Addition Of Weight And Hip Factors
  • Line H. Addition Of Height, Forearm, Neck, And Wrist Factors
  • Line I. Percent Body Fat
  • U.S. Navy
  • Body Composition Determination Procedure
  • U.S. Air Force
  • Chapter 1
  • Chapter 2 Air Force Weight Program
  • Section A-The Weight Program
  • 2-1. Introduction.
  • 2-2. The Weight Program:
  • 2-13. Individual Responsibilities.
  • Section C- Weight Standards and Maximum Allowable Weight (Maw) Standard Adjustments
  • 2-15. Weight Standards.
  • 2-16. Maximum Allowable Weight (MAW) Standard Adjustments.
  • 2-17. Appeal Procedures for MAW Adjustments.
  • Section D- Weight Program Requirements
  • 2-18. Weight Program Requirements.
  • 2-19. Weight Checks, Height Measurements, and Scale Calibration:.
  • 2-20. Permanent Change of Station (PCS) or Permanent Change of Assignment (PCA) Procedures.

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