Toxicity of military smokes and obscurants

Toxicity of military smokes and obscurants

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: National Research Council (U.S.).
Autor Corporativo: National Research Council (U.S.). Subcommittee on Military Smokes and Obscurants (-)
Formato: Libro electrónico
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press 1997-<c1999>
Edición:1st ed
Colección:Compass series (Washington, D.C.)
Materias:
Combustion gases > Toxicology.
Smoke screens > Toxicology.
Diesel fuels > Toxicology.
Hexachloroethane > Toxicology.
Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull:https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009820248906719
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Toxicity of Military Smokes and Obscurants
  • Copyright
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Summary
  • EXPOSURE GUIDANCE LEVELS FOR MILITARY PERSONNEL
  • Diesel-Fuel Smoke
  • Fog-Oil Smoke
  • Red Phosphorus Smoke
  • Hexachloroethane Smoke
  • EXPOSURE GUIDANCE LEVELS AT BOUNDARIES OF MILITARY-TRAINING FACILITIES
  • 1 Introduction
  • SMOKES REVIEWED IN THIS REPORT
  • U.S. ARMY POLICY CONCERNING USE OF OBSCURANTS
  • SUBCOMMITTEE TASK
  • DEFINITIONS OF EXPOSURE GUIDANCE LEVELS
  • APPROACH TO DEVELOPING EXPOSURE GUIDANCE LEVELS
  • Emergency Exposure Guidance Levels (EEGLs)
  • Short-Term Public Emergency Guidance Levels (SPEGLs)
  • Permissible Exposure Guidance Levels (PEGLs) and Permissible Public Exposure Guidance Levels (PPEGLs)
  • SUMMARY OF APPROACH
  • REFERENCES
  • 2 Diesel-Fuel Smoke
  • BACKGROUND INFORMATION
  • Military Applications
  • Physical and Chemical Properties
  • TOXICOKINETICS
  • TOXICITY SUMMARY
  • Effects in Humans
  • Effects in Animals
  • Dermal and Ocular Exposures
  • Lethality
  • Eye and Skin Irritation
  • Carcinogenic Effects
  • Inhalation Exposures
  • One-Time Exposures
  • Repeated 15- or 60-Minute Exposures
  • Repeated 4-Hour Exposures
  • Repeated Exposures: Relative Significance of Frequency, Duration, and Concentration
  • Screening Tests for Mutagenicity
  • Summary of Toxicity Data
  • Noncancer Toxicity
  • Carcinogenicity
  • LIMITS EXISTING RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE
  • SUBCOMMITTEE EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • Military Exposures
  • Emergency Exposure Guidance Level (EEGL)1
  • Permissible Exposure Guidance Level (PEGL)2
  • Public Exposures
  • Short-Term Public Emergency Guidance Level (SPEGL)3
  • Permissible Public Exposure Guidance Level (PPEGL)4
  • Summary of Subcommittee Recommendations
  • RESEARCH NEEDS
  • REFERENCES
  • 3 Fog-Oil Smoke
  • BACKGROUND INFORMATION
  • Military Applications
  • Physical and Chemical Properties.
  • Military Exposures
  • TOXICOKINETICS
  • TOXICITY SUMMARY
  • Effects in Humans
  • Dermal Exposures
  • Noncancerous Skin Lesions
  • Cancer of the Skin and Scrotum
  • Multiple Routes of Exposure
  • Pulmonary Effects
  • Carcinogenic and Mutagenic Effects
  • Effects in Animals
  • Dermal Exposures
  • Lethality
  • Skin Irritation
  • Cancer
  • Oral Exposures
  • One-Time Exposures
  • Repeated Exposures
  • Inhalation Exposures
  • One-Time Exposures
  • Repeated Exposures
  • Reproductive and Developmental Toxicity
  • Screening Tests for Carcinogenicity and Mutagenicity
  • Summary of Toxicity Data
  • Noncancer Toxicity
  • Carcinogenicity
  • EXISTING RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LIMITS
  • SUBCOMMITTEE EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • Type of Fog Oil
  • Military Exposures
  • Emergency Exposure Guidance Level (EEGL)4
  • Permissible Exposure Guidance Levels (PEGL)5
  • Public Exposures to New-Fog-Oil Smoke
  • Short-Term Public Emergency Guidance Level (SPEGL)6
  • Permissible Public Exposure Guidance Level (PPEGL)7
  • Summary of Subcommittee Recommendations
  • RESEARCH NEEDS
  • REFERENCES
  • 4 Red Phosphorus Smoke
  • BACKGROUND INFORMATION
  • Military Applications
  • Physical and Chemical Properties
  • Occurrence and Use
  • Combustion Products
  • TOXICOKINETICS
  • TOXICITY SUMMARY: ELEMENTAL RED PHOSPHORUS
  • TOXICITY SUMMARY: RED PHOSPHORUS-BUTYL RUBBER
  • Effects in Humans
  • Effects in Animals
  • Dermal Exposures
  • Inhalation Exposures
  • One-Time Exposures
  • Repeated Exposures
  • Summary of Toxicity Data
  • Noncancer Toxicity
  • Carcinogenicity
  • EXISTING RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LIMITS
  • SUBCOMMITTEE EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • Military Exposures
  • Emergency Exposure Guidance Level (EEGL)1
  • Permissible Exposure Guidance Levels (PEGL)2
  • Public Exposures
  • Short-Term Public Emergency Guidance Level (SPEGL)3
  • Permissible Public Exposure Guidance Level (PPEGL)4.
  • Summary of Subcommittee Recommendations
  • RESEARCH NEEDS
  • REFERENCES
  • 5 Hexachloroethane Smoke
  • BACKGROUND INFORMATION
  • Military Applications
  • Combustion Products
  • Physical and Chemical Properties of Zinc Chloride
  • Occurrence and Use
  • Military Exposures
  • TOXICOKINETICS
  • TOXICITY SUMMARY
  • Effects in Humans
  • Oral Exposures
  • Inhalation Exposures
  • One-Time Exposures
  • Repeated Exposures
  • Dermal and Ocular Exposures
  • Oral Exposures
  • One-Time Exposures
  • Repeated Exposures
  • Inhalation Exposures
  • One-Time Exposures
  • Repeated Exposures
  • Summary of Toxicity Data
  • Noncancer Toxicity
  • Example Noncancer Risk Assessment
  • Carcinogenicity
  • Example Cancer Risk Assessment
  • Estimated Exposure
  • Estimated Cancer Risk
  • EXISTING RECOMMENDED EXPOSURE LIMITS
  • SUBCOMMITTEE EVALUATION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
  • Military Exposures
  • Emergency Exposure Guidance Level (EEGL)2
  • Permissible Exposure Guidance Levels (PEGL)3
  • Comparison with Other Exposure Guidance Levels
  • Public Exposures
  • Short-Term Public Emergency Guidance Level (SPEGL)4
  • Permissible Public Exposure Guidance Level (PPEGL)5
  • Comparison of Recommendations with Conservative Screening Cancer-Risk Estimates
  • Summary of Subcommittee Recommendations
  • RESEARCH NEED
  • REFERENCES.

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