OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy : Korea 2023

OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy Korea 2023

This chapter sets out an overarching framework for Korea's National Innovation System. It starts by summarising Korea's past and current economic performance by way of international comparison. Next, it highlights Korea's innovation system's key strengths, given its preparedness...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) (author)
Autor Corporativo: Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), author, issuing body (author)
Formato: Libro electrónico
Idioma:Inglés
Publicado: Paris, France : Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) Publishing 2023.
Edición:1st ed
Materias:
Economic forecasting.
Economic forecasting > Korea.
Ver en Biblioteca Universitat Ramon Llull:https://discovery.url.edu/permalink/34CSUC_URL/1im36ta/alma991009759335206719
Tabla de Contenidos:
  • Intro
  • Foreword
  • Abbreviations and acronyms
  • Executive summary
  • Key findings
  • Key recommendations
  • 1 Overall assessment and recommendations
  • 1.1. Recommendations
  • 1.1.1. Pillar 1: Cross-cutting recommendations
  • Recommendation 1: Create a shared national vision and long-term plan for Korea's development
  • Overview
  • Detailed recommendations
  • Recommendation 2: Direct STI systems to enable transitions and address societal challenges
  • Overview
  • Detailed recommendations
  • Recommendation 3: Improve the efficiency of R&amp
  • D policy implementation and evaluation
  • Overview
  • Detailed recommendations
  • Recommendation 4: Foster the internationalisation of science, technology and innovation
  • Overview
  • Detailed recommendations
  • Recommendation 5: Enhance skills and attitudes in order to gain a leadership position in innovation
  • Overview
  • Detailed recommendations
  • 1.1.2. Pillar 2: Recommendations concerning business innovation
  • Recommendation 6: Strengthen the role of the service sector in the knowledge-based economy
  • Overview
  • Detailed recommendations
  • Recommendation 7: Strengthen the diffusion of innovative technologies to SMEs and support the global connectivity of start-ups
  • Overview
  • Detailed recommendations
  • Recommendation 8: Streamline and assess the impact of public support on R&amp
  • D and innovation
  • Overview
  • Detailed recommendations
  • 1.1.3. Pillar 3: Recommendations concerning the research system and linkages
  • Recommendation 9: Strengthen universities' ability to conduct relevant and excellent research to serve the needs of Korean society
  • Overview
  • Detailed recommendations
  • Recommendation 10: Continue strengthening government research institutes to meet the needs of government and industry in the post-catch-up period
  • Overview
  • Detailed recommendations.
  • Recommendation 11: Further develop linkages between universities, government research institutes and business
  • Overview
  • Detailed recommendations
  • 1.2. Introduction
  • 1.3. Overview of the Korean innovation system, its evolution and challenges for the future
  • 1.3.1. Korea is on the path to becoming a global leader in science, technology and innovation
  • 1.3.2. Striking a balance: Achieving economic growth and development for all in Korea
  • 1.3.3. Several of Korea's strengths risk widening industry gaps even further
  • 1.3.4. Korea has benefitted strongly from global integration but has yet to fully exploit its potential
  • 1.3.5. Societal and structural challenges and Korea's preparedness for transitions enabled by science, technology and innovation
  • 1.4. Business sector R&amp
  • D and innovation in Korea
  • 1.4.1. General diagnosis of Korea's business sector R&amp
  • D and innovation performance
  • 1.4.2. Imbalance in R&amp
  • D performance between large firms and SMEs
  • 1.4.3. A wide productivity gap between ICT and non-ICT industries
  • 1.4.4. Large discrepancies between manufacturing and service industries
  • 1.4.5. Korea is building a vibrant start-up ecosystem
  • 1.4.6. Knowledge-based service industries offer the potential for value-added growth
  • 1.4.7. Digital transformation presents a major opportunity but requires continuous policy attention
  • 1.4.8. Recent support for the green transition could provide the momentum for major change
  • 1.4.9. Geopolitical tensions bear risks for Korean technology competitiveness
  • 1.5. Production, circulation, and diffusion of knowledge for a new era of innovation in Korea
  • 1.5.1. Defining features of Korean society that affect research and innovation policy
  • 1.5.2. Korea's higher education system is comprehensive, but its research performance could improve.
  • 1.5.3. The current funding structure for higher education institutions in Korea may limit growth
  • 1.5.4. Korean universities can maximise their potential by collaborating internationally
  • 1.5.5. The role of public research institutes in Korea needs to be continuously redefined to match the changing needs of the economy and society
  • 1.5.6. The structure of the Korean public research institute system has been questioned but remains largely unchanged
  • 1.5.7. Investment in research infrastructures is good, but more awareness is needed
  • 1.5.8. Knowledge flows between higher education, GRIs and business have room for improvement
  • 1.6. STI governance for a new era of innovation in Korea
  • 1.6.1. A comprehensive STI governance system
  • 1.6.2. The role of the S&amp
  • T Basic Plans in a fragmented STI landscape
  • 1.6.3. Sophisticated mechanisms for cross-ministerial co-ordination of STI budgets are prevalent, but processes could be more efficient
  • 1.6.4. Cross-agency co-operation in R&amp
  • D programme implementation is limited, although reforms have been made
  • 1.6.5. The monitoring and evaluation of programmes and projects has significantly changed, but it is too early to assess the effects of the reforms
  • 1.6.6. Overarching strategic framework for Korea's sustainable transition
  • 1.7. SWOT analysis of Korea's innovation system
  • References
  • Notes
  • 2 Korea's economic performance and framework for innovation
  • 2.1. Korea's economic performance has been impressive and leads the digital transformation
  • 2.1.1. Korea has seen a highly successful transition to high-income status
  • 2.1.2. Korea has demonstrated leadership in the digital transformation
  • 2.1.3. Korea's labour productivity has grown but remains below the OECD average
  • 2.1.4. Korea's GDP growth has been supported by a high level of multifactor productivity.
  • 2.1.5. Korea is a leader in R&amp
  • D spending
  • 2.2. Korea's industry structure is largely imbalanced
  • 2.2.1. Wide performance disparities exist between SMEs and large enterprises
  • Uptake of digital technologies by SMEs
  • Innovative firms
  • 2.2.2. Korea's industry structure is highly complex and strongly anchored in manufacturing
  • 2.2.3. Service sector growth can help realise Korea's untapped innovation potential
  • Government regulations and restrictions to service sector growth
  • Business enterprise R&amp
  • D in services
  • 2.2.4. Export-led growth continues to be driven by high-tech products with large room for expansion into knowledge-intensive services
  • 2.3. Korea can leverage its global position to strengthen its innovation performance
  • 2.3.1. The reorganisation of global value chains holds implications for Korea
  • Korea's participation in global value chains
  • Policy objectives for Korea and the role of innovation policy
  • 2.3.2. Foreign direct investment restrictions remain relatively high in some sectors
  • 2.3.3. Despite a relatively open policy on attracting international students, Korea's appeal as a migration host destination is low
  • 2.4. Societal challenges put Korea's innovation system under pressure
  • 2.4.1. Korea is expected to have the steepest rise in old-age dependency by 2050
  • 2.4.2. Following previous efforts, which leave room for improvement, Korea has adopted policies to tackle climate change, but implementation will depend on wider participation from both society and industry
  • 2.4.3. Leveraging innovation for defence as a response to geopolitical threats
  • 2.5. Synthesis
  • References
  • Notes
  • 3 Business sector research and development and innovation in Korea
  • 3.1. A general assessment of business innovation in Korea
  • 3.1.1. Korean business R&amp
  • D has grown rapidly and leads globally.
  • 3.1.2. Korea is advancing toward knowledge-intensive industry with increased global market share in high-tech products
  • 3.1.3. Despite outstanding progress in business innovation, Korean firms' innovation performance still has room for improvement
  • 3.1.4. Financial difficulties and a lack of qualified labour hinder Korean firms' innovation
  • 3.1.5. Internationalisation of business R&amp
  • D and innovation is still relatively low
  • 3.1.6. Korean technology is highly specialised in ICTs but less so in other emerging technologies
  • 3.2. Public support for business R&amp
  • D and innovation in Korea
  • 3.2.1. Government support to business R&amp
  • D is among the highest in OECD countries, with a heavy focus on SMEs
  • 3.2.2. Support for business R&amp
  • D is in part fragmented, although recent policy initiatives are encouraging
  • 3.3. Imbalances in Korean business innovation
  • 3.3.1. Strong concentration of R&amp
  • D in large firms warrants cautious assessment of business innovation in Korea
  • 3.3.2. The innovation divide between larger and smaller firms is more acute in Korea than in other countries
  • 3.3.3. Korea's ICT industry has achieved remarkable growth and leads globally
  • 3.3.4. The widening discrepancy in R&amp
  • D and productivity between Korea's ICT and non-ICT industries is of concern
  • 3.3.5. Stark discrepancies in R&amp
  • D and productivity between manufacturing and services industries also exist
  • 3.3.6. The servicification of manufacturing can offer great potential but remains largely untapped
  • 3.4. Ongoing developments, achievements, and a way forward
  • 3.4.1. Korea relies the most highly on ICT industries among OECD countries, but new technology-based industries, such as biotechnology, are emerging
  • 3.4.2. Public R&amp.
  • D investment in biotechnology has led to the rapid increase of Korean firms' biotech patents and the creation of start-ups.

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