AZ-series AZ31B alloy EBSD History of engineering & technology Materials science Mg-RE alloys S-N curve Technology: general issues characterization crystal plasticity cyclic expansion extrusion with asymmetrical extrusion cavity damage initiation deformation twinning diffusion equal-channel angular pressing extrusion fatigue formability grain refinement in situ diffraction indirect extrusion interface reaction intermetallic phases magnesium magnesium alloy magnesium alloys magnesium single crystal magnesium wire magnesium-rare earth alloy mechanical properties